DevGuru JavaScript OBJECT: RegExp



			OBJECT: RegExp new RegExp("pattern"[, "flags"]) The RegExp object contains the pattern of a regular expression, and is used to match strings using its methods and properties. The predefined RegExp object has static properties set whenever a regular expression is used, as well as user-defined ones for individual objects. A RegExp object can be created in two ways: either by using the constructor function, or with a literal text format. In both cases you need to specify the text pattern of the regular expression, and optionally one of the three possible flags: 'g' for a global match, 'i' to ignore case, or 'gi' for a case-insensitive global match. The following code creates a regular expression using the constructor function, that matches an initial letter 'a' irrespective of case: Code: myRegExp = new RegExp("^a", "i") Note that when using the constructor function, you must use quotation marks to indicate strings. Also, the normal string escape rules apply and you must use a back slash before special characters as in the following code which creates a regular expression of a tab character: Code: myRegExp = new RegExp("\\t") Using the literal text format you do not need to use quotation marks. To create a regular expression consisting of a case-insensitve initial 'a' you could use the following code: Code: myRegExp = /^a/i ...and a regular expression consisting of a tab character could be created as follows: Code: myRegExp = /\t/ The literal notation of a regular expression provides compilation of it when the expression is evaluated, and this is used when you know that a regular expression is going to remain constant. When you know that an expression is going to change, or you don't know what that expression is because it will be input by a user, you need to use the constructor function which is compiled at run time. You can, however, compile a regular expression at any time using the compile method. Each window has its own predefined RegExp object thus ensuring that different threads of JavaScript execution don't overwrite values of the RegExp object. For a complete list and description of the special characters that can be used in a regular expression, see the special characters page. PROPERTIES $1, ..., $9 Property These are properties containing parenthized substrings (if any) from a regular expression. $ Property See the input property. *$ Property See the multiline property. $& Property See the lastMatch property. $+ Property See the lastParen property. $` Property See the leftContext property. $' Property See the rightContext property. constructor Property This property specifies the function that creates an object's prototype. See the Object.constructor property. Syntax: RegExp.constructor global Property This property reflects whether the 'g' flag was used to match a regular expression globally in a string, or just the first occurrence of it. Its value is true if the 'g' flag was used and false if not. Note that this property is read-only but that calling the compile method does alter it. Syntax: object.global ignoreCase Property This property reflects whether the 'i' flag was used for a case-insensitive match of a regular expression in a string, returning true if it was and false if not. Note that this property is read-only but that calling the compile method does alter it. Syntax: object.ignoreCase input Property This property is a string against which a regular expression is matched. Syntax: RegExp.input lastIndex Property This property is an integer that specifies the index at which to start the next match, but is only set if the regular expression uses the 'g' flag to specify a global search. Syntax: object.lastIndex lastMatch Property This property is the last matched characters. As this property is static, you always use RegExp.lastMatch. Syntax: RegExp.lastMatch lastParen Property This property contains the last matched parenthesized substring (if any), and as a static property is always refered to using RegExp.lastParen. Syntax: RegExp.lastParen leftContext Property This property is the substring upto the character most recently matched; i.e. everything that comes before it, and as a static property, is always used as RegExp.leftContext. Syntax: RegExp.leftContext multiline Property This property reflects whether a search is to be carried out over multiple lines, returning true if it is, and false if not. Being a static property, you always use RegExp.multiline. When an event handler is called for a TEXTAREA form element, the browser sets the multiline property to true. Once the event handler has finished executing, it is reset to false, even if it was set at true before the event handler was called. Syntax: RegExp.multiline prototype Property This property represents the prototype for this class, and allows you to add your own properties and methods to all instances of it. See the Function.prototype property. Syntax: RegExp.prototype rightContext Property This property is the substring after the character most recently matched; i.e. everything that follows it, and as a static property, is always used as RegExp.rightContext. Syntax: RegExp.rightContext source Property This is a read-only property containing the source of the regular expression: i.e. everything except the forward slashes and any flags. The source property cannot be changed directly, however calling the compile method does alter it. For example, with the regular expression rexp = /[^aeiou\s]{2}/g the value of the source property would be [^aeiou\s]{2}. Syntax: object.source METHODS compile Method This method compiles a regular expression object during execution of a script. Syntax: object.compile(pattern[, flags]) exec Method This method executes a search for a match in a specified string, returning a result array. Syntax: object.exec([str]) object([str]) test Method This method tests for a match of a regular expression in a string, returning true if successful, and false if not. Syntax: object.test([str]) toSource Method This method returns the source code of a RegExp object and is usually called internally by JavaScript. It also overrides the Object.toSource method. Syntax: object.toSource() toString Method This method returns a string representing the RegExp object, and this overrides the Object.toString method. Syntax: object.toString() valueOf Method This method returns a primitive value for the RegExp object as a string data type, and is equivalent to the RegExp.toString method. It is usually called internally by JavaScript and overrides the Object.valueOf method. Syntax: object.valueOf() NOTE: The regExp object also inherits the watch and unwatch methods from the Object** object.